Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids

Synopsis

The fifth edition has been issued to incorporate two new tables - Data of Refrigerant 134a and a table containing for selected substances, molar enthalpies and molar Gibbs functions of formation, Equilibirum constants of formation, as well as molar heat capacities and absolute entropies.

Summary

Chapter 1: Introduction

* Provides an overview of the importance and applications of thermodynamics and transport properties of fluids in various engineering and scientific fields.
* Discusses the scope of the book, covering both theoretical and practical aspects.

Example:
In the design of power plants, understanding the thermodynamic properties of steam is crucial for optimizing efficiency and predicting performance.

Chapter 2: Thermodynamics of Fluids

* Presents the fundamental principles of thermodynamics as applied to fluids, including concepts of energy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy.
* Covers equations of state, phase equilibria, and thermodynamic cycles.

Example:
The van der Waals equation of state is widely used to describe the behavior of real gases, particularly near their critical points.

Chapter 3: Transport Properties of Fluids

* Introduces the concept of transport phenomena, including viscosity, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity.
* Discusses the molecular basis of these properties and their dependence on temperature, pressure, and molecular structure.

Example:
The viscosity of oil is an important factor in designing pipelines, as it affects the flow rate and energy loss.

Chapter 4: Measurement of Thermodynamic Properties

* Reviews experimental techniques for measuring thermodynamic properties of fluids, such as calorimetry, PVT measurements, and spectroscopy.
* Discusses the accuracy and limitations of different methods.

Example:
Differential scanning calorimetry is commonly used to determine the specific heat capacity and enthalpy of phase transitions in fluids.

Chapter 5: Estimation of Thermodynamic Properties

* Describes empirical and theoretical methods for estimating thermodynamic properties of fluids, including group contribution methods, corresponding states principle, and molecular simulations.
* Compares the accuracy and applicability of different estimation techniques.

Example:
The Peng-Robinson equation of state is a widely used empirical model for estimating the pressure-volume-temperature behavior of pure and mixed fluids.

Chapter 6: Transport Property Measurement and Estimation

* Covers experimental methods for measuring transport properties of fluids, including viscometry, thermal conductivity measurement, and diffusion experiments.
* Discusses predictive models and correlations for estimating transport properties.

Example:
The Stokes-Einstein equation provides a simple estimate of the diffusion coefficient of spherical particles in a fluid.

Chapter 7: Applications in Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

* Demonstrates the application of thermodynamic and transport property data in chemical and petroleum engineering processes, such as reactor design, distillation, and fluid flow in pipelines.
* Provides real-world examples and case studies.

Example:
The Peng-Robinson equation of state is used to predict the phase behavior and thermodynamic properties of hydrocarbon mixtures in oil and gas production.

Chapter 8: Applications in Other Engineering Disciplines

* Explores the applications of thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids in other engineering fields, including mechanical, aerospace, and environmental engineering.
* Highlights the importance of these properties in areas such as heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and pollution control.

Example:
The thermal conductivity of water is a key factor in designing heat exchangers for cooling systems.