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The Secrets of Alchemy


Synopsis


In The Secrets of Alchemy, Lawrence M. Principe, one of the world's leading authorities on the subject, brings alchemy out of the shadows and restores it to its important place in human history and culture. By surveying what alchemy was and how it began, developed, and overlapped with a range of ideas and pursuits, Principe illuminates the practice. He vividly depicts the place of alchemy during its heyday in early modern Europe, and then explores how alchemy has fit into wider views of the cosmos and humanity, touching on its enduring place in literature, fine art, theater, and religion as well as its recent acceptance as a serious subject of study for historians of science. In addition, he introduces the reader to some of the most fascinating alchemists, such as Zosimos and Basil Valentine, whose lives dot alchemy's long reign from the third century and to the present day. Through his exploration of alchemists and their times, Principe pieces together closely guarded clues from obscure and fragmented texts to reveal alchemy's secrets, and-most exciting for budding alchemists-uses them to recreate many of the most famous recipes in his lab, including those for the "glass of antimony" and "philosophers' tree." This unique approach brings the reader closer to the actual work of alchemy than any other book.

Lawrence Principe

Summary

Chapter 1: The Origins of Alchemy

* Explores the ancient roots of alchemy in Egypt, Greece, and China.
* Real Example: The Rosetta Stone, which contains an alchemical formula.

Chapter 2: The Alchemist's Tools and Techniques

* Describes the tools and methods used by alchemists, such as distillation, calcination, and extraction.
* Real Example: The alembic, a distillation apparatus used for centuries.

Chapter 3: The Universal Solvent

* Discusses the quest for the fabled universal solvent, capable of dissolving any substance.
* Real Example: Aqua regia, a powerful acid mixture that can dissolve gold.

Chapter 4: The Philosopher's Stone

* Explores the legendary substance known as the Philosopher's Stone, said to have transformative powers.
* Real Example: The alchemical symbol for the Philosopher's Stone, often depicted as a serpent eating its own tail.

Chapter 5: The Alchemical Process

* Outlines the steps involved in the alchemical process, from purification to projection.
* Real Example: The stages of the alchemical process, known as the "Great Work."

Chapter 6: The alchemical symbols

* Analyzes the rich tapestry of symbols used by alchemists to convey their ideas.
* Real Example: The alchemical symbol for gold, a circle with a dot in the center.

Chapter 7: Alchemy in Medicine and Pharmacy

* Explores the role of alchemy in the development of medicine and pharmacy.
* Real Example: The use of alchemical preparations as remedies for various ailments.

Chapter 8: Alchemy in Art and Literature

* Highlights the influence of alchemy in art and literature, from paintings to poetry.
* Real Example: The works of William Blake, who was heavily influenced by alchemical ideas.

Chapter 9: The Legacy of Alchemy

* Examines the enduring impact of alchemy on modern science and culture.
* Real Example: The contributions of alchemists to the development of chemistry and medicine.