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Principles of Mathematical Analysis


Synopsis


The third edition of this well known text continues to provide a solid foundation in mathematical analysis for undergraduate and first-year graduate students. The text begins with a discussion of the real number system as a complete ordered field. (Dedekind's construction is now treated in an appendix to Chapter I.) The topological background needed for the development of convergence, continuity, differentiation and integration is provided in Chapter 2. There is a new section on the gamma function, and many new and interesting exercises are included.

This text is part of the Walter Rudin Student Series in Advanced Mathematics.

Summary

Chapter 1: Real Numbers

* Defines real numbers as the set of rational and irrational numbers.
* Examines properties of real numbers, including ordering, addition, and multiplication.
* Real-world example: Calculating the total cost of groceries by multiplying the quantity of each item by its price and adding the results.

Chapter 2: Sequences

* Introduces sequences as ordered lists of numbers.
* Explores limits of sequences, convergence, and divergence.
* Real-world example: Modeling the spread of a virus in a population using a sequence of population sizes.

Chapter 3: Functions

* Defines functions as mappings between sets.
* Studies properties of functions, such as continuity, differentiability, and integrability.
* Real-world example: Describing the relationship between the height of a projectile and its time in the air using a quadratic function.

Chapter 4: Limits and Continuity

* Examines the concept of a limit and its relationship to continuity.
* Investigates different types of discontinuity and their implications.
* Real-world example: Determining the behavior of a weather forecast model as the time interval approaches zero.

Chapter 5: Differentiation

* Introduces the derivative as the instantaneous rate of change of a function.
* Examines rules for differentiation and applications to finding critical points, maxima, and minima.
* Real-world example: Using the derivative to determine the optimal production level to maximize profit.

Chapter 6: Applications of the Derivative

* Explores applications of differentiation in optimization, curve sketching, and related rates problems.
* Real-world example: Designing a bridge arch with a shape that minimizes wind resistance.

Chapter 7: Integration

* Defines the integral as the area under a curve.
* Investigates properties of integrals, including the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
* Real-world example: Calculating the volume of a liquid in a tank using integration.

Chapter 8: Applications of Integration

* Explores applications of integration in finding volumes, surface areas, centers of mass, and work.
* Real-world example: Determining the total force acting on a dam by integrating the pressure across its surface.

Chapter 9: Sequences and Series

* Examines sequences and infinite series and their convergence.
* Introduces tests for convergence, including the Ratio Test and the Integral Test.
* Real-world example: Determining if a series representing the probability of success in a game converges.

Chapter 10: Power Series

* Introduces power series and their convergence.
* Studies applications of power series in representing functions and solving differential equations.
* Real-world example: Using a power series to approximate the value of pi.